Students learn about cells as a basic unit of life, cell organelles, membrane bound and non-membranous organelles. Structure and function of plasma membrane, lipids, proteins in the membranes that allows selective transport through the membrane. Active and passive transport and how cell division takes place to form daughter cells of a specific number of chromosomes.

Concepts:

• Introduction to cells
• Ultrastructure of cells (Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes)
• Membrane structure, and Function
• Membrane transport
• The origin of cells
• Cell division

Prior Learning: Students are expected to understand the origin of life and cell as a basic unit of life.
Duration of the module: 6 Hours (3 sessions of 2 hours each)
Fee: SGD 240/-
Module CODE: IBBIOM1
Mode of Teaching: Online
How to enroll: Fill in the form and submit for slots and payment details (CLICK)

Students learn about biomolecules that sustain life by maintaining cell homeostasis. Biomolecular components of life carbohydrates, fats, proteins, Enzymatic action and denaturation of enzymes. Theories of enzymes action. Nucleic acids and duplication of nucleic acids, transcription and translation.

Concepts:

• Molecules to metabolism
• Water
• Carbohydrates and lipids
• Proteins
• Enzymes
• Structure of DNA and RNA
• DNA replication, transcription and translation
• Cell respiration
• Photosynthesis

Prior Learning: Students are expected to have an understanding of reproduction of life forms and cell metabolic and anabolic processes.
Duration of the module: 8 Hours (4 sessions of 2 hours each)
Fee: SGD 320/-
Module CODE: IBBIOM2
Mode of Teaching: Online
How to enrol: Fill in the form and submit for slots and payment details (CLICK)

Students learn the following concepts in this module:

• Genes
• Chromosomes
• Meiosis
• Inheritance
• Genetic modification and biotechnology

Prior Learning: Students are expected to have an understanding of reproduction, DNA, RNA and hereditary and generations. Students understand the basic principles of biotechnology and its importance in chemotherapy and investigative medical procedures.
Duration of the module: 6 Hours (3 sessions of 2 hours each)
Fee: SGD 240/-
Module CODE: IBBIOM3
Mode of Teaching: Online
How to enrol: Fill in the form and submit for slots and payment details (CLICK)

Students learn about basic integration of life forms to form a biological hierarchy of species, communities and ecosystem. They also learn about the energy flow in the ecosystem through the food chain and food web. The main idea of the unit is to explain the recycling of nutrients through the environment by mineral cycles such as carbon and water cycle.

Concepts:

• Species, communities and ecosystems
• Energy flow
• Carbon cycling
• Climate change

Prior Learning: Students are expected to understand the difference between weather and climate. Biological hierarchy and constituents of life.
Duration of the module: 6 Hours (3 sessions of 2 hours each)
Fee: SGD 240/-
Module CODE: IBBIOM4
Mode of Teaching: Online
How to enrol: Fill in the form and submit for slots and payment details (CLICK)

Students learn about how very first combinations of simple molecules formed the first biomolecules that sustained life in the form of cells. The cells then formed various organisms such as cyanobacteria, prokaryotes and first ever eukaryotes. This continued by natural selection and new and complex life forms kept evolving by survival of the fittest.

Concepts:

• Evidence for evolution
• Natural selection
• Classification of biodiversity
• Cladistics

Prior Learning: Students are expected to understand Miller Urey and Proust’s experiment on the origin of new cells. To understand the physiological and metaphosphoric differences exist between the organisms that becomes the basis of classification.
Duration of the module: 6 Hours (3 sessions of 2 hours each)
Fee: SGD 240/-
Module CODE: IBBIOM5
Mode of Teaching: Online
How to enrol: Fill in the form and submit for slots and payment details (CLICK)

Students learn the basic principles of digestion is a catabolic and an anabolic process. They will also learn about the blood circulation system and gaseous exchange in human beings. It also includes hormonal balance and nervous system including central, peripheral and autonomous nervous system.

Concepts:

• Digestion and absorption
• The blood system
• Defense against infectious disease
• Gas exchange
• Neurons and synapses
• Hormones, homeostasis and reproduction

Prior Learning: Students are expected to understand the basics of human physiology and human systems such as nutrition and digestion. Process of digestion is a catabolic and an anabolic process. Defense mechanism of the body involves stomach acid as one of the lines of defense.
Duration of the module: 12 Hours (6 sessions of 2 hours each)
Fee: SGD 480/-
Module CODE: IBBIOM6
Mode of Teaching: Online
How to enrol: Fill in the form and submit for slots and payment details (CLICK)

Students learn the basics of DNA replication theories and understand the most acceptable mode of DNA replication, mutation, transcription , translation and reverse transcription.

Concepts:

• DNA structure and replication
• Transcription and gene expression
• Translation

Prior Learning: Students are expected to understand basic genetic composition and mechanism of gene replication during cellular reproduction.
Duration of the module: 8 Hours (4 sessions of 2 hours each)
Fee: SGD 320/-
Module CODE: IBBIOM7
Mode of Teaching: Online
How to enrol: Fill in the form and submit for slots and payment details (CLICK)

Students learn about Metabolic pathways consisting of chains and cycles of enzyme-catalyzed reactions and the following concepts in this module.

Concepts:

• Enzymes lower the activation energy of the chemical reactions that they catalyse.
• Enzyme inhibitors can be competitive or non-competitive.
• Metabolic pathways can be controlled by end-product inhibition.
• Cell respiration involves the oxidation and reduction of electron carriers.
• Phosphorylation of molecules makes them less stable.
• In glycolysis, glucose is converted to pyruvate in the cytoplasm.
• Glycolysis gives a small net gain of ATP without the use of oxygen.
• In aerobic cell respiration pyruvate is decarboxylated and oxidized, and converted into acetyl compound and attached to coenzyme A to form acetyl coenzyme A in the link reaction.
• In the Krebs cycle, the oxidation of acetyl groups is coupled to the reduction of hydrogen carriers, liberating carbon dioxide.

Prior Learning: Students are expected to basic life processes and mechanisms of autotrophic nutrition, cell metabolism and catabolic and anabolic processes.
Duration of the module: 14 Hours (7 sessions of 2 hours each)
Fee: SGD 560/-
Module CODE: IBBIOM8
Mode of Teaching: Online
How to enrol: Fill in the form and submit for slots and payment details (CLICK)

Students learn the following concepts in this module:

• Transpiration is the inevitable consequence of gas exchange in the leaf.
• Plants transport water from the roots to the leaves to replace losses from transpiration.
• The cohesive property of water and the structure of the xylem vessels allow transport under tension.
• Plants transport organic compounds from sources to sinks.
• Incompressibility of water allows transport along hydrostatic pressure gradients.
• Active transport is used to load organic compounds into phloem sieve tubes at the source.
• High concentrations of solutes in the phloem at the source lead to water uptake by osmosis.
• Undifferentiated cells in the meristems of plants allow indeterminate growth.
• Mitosis and cell division in the shoot apex provide cells needed for extension of the stem and development of leaves.
• Plant hormones control growth in the shoot apex.
• Plant shoots respond to the environment by tropisms.
• Auxin efflux pumps can set up concentration gradients of auxin in plant tissue.

Prior Learning: Students are expected to know  plant physiology of vascular tissues xylem and phloem and plant transport.
Duration of the module: 14 Hours (7 sessions of 2 hours each)
Fee: SGD 560/-
Module CODE: IBBIOM9
Mode of Teaching: Online
How to enrol: Fill in the form and submit for slots and payment details (CLICK)

Students learn the following concepts in this module:

• Chromosomes replicate in interphase before meiosis.
• Crossing over is the exchange of DNA material between non-sister homologous chromatids.
• Crossing over produces new combinations of alleles on the chromosomes of the haploid cells.
• Chiasmata formation between non-sister chromatids can result in an exchange of alleles.
• Homologous chromosomes separate in meiosis I
• Sister chromatids separate in meiosis II
• Independent assortment of genes is due to the random orientation of pairs of homologous chromosomes in meiosis I
• Gene loci are said to be linked if on the same chromosome.
• Unlinked genes segregate independently as a result of meiosis
• Variation can be discrete or continuous
• The phenotypes of polygenic characteristics tend to show continuous variation
• Chi-squared tests are used to determine whether the difference between an observed and expected frequency distribution is statistically significant.

Prior Learning: Students are expected to understand the several lines of defense and fighting against foreign antigens and pathogens.
Duration of the module: 10 Hours (5 sessions of 2 hours each)
Fee: SGD 400/-
Module CODE: IBBIOM10
Mode of Teaching: Online
How to enrol: Fill in the form and submit for slots and payment details (CLICK)

Students learn the following concepts in this module:

• Every organism has unique molecules on the surface of its cells.
• Pathogens can be species-specific although others can cross species barriers.
• B lymphocytes are activated by T lymphocytes in mammals.
• Activated B cells multiply to form clones of plasma cells and memory cells.
• Plasma cells secrete antibodies.
• Antibodies aid the destruction of pathogens.
• White cells release histamine in response to allergens.
• Histamines cause allergic symptoms.
• Immunity depends upon the persistence of memory cells.
• Vaccines contain antigens that trigger immunity but do not cause the disease.
• Fusion of a tumour cell with an antibody-producing plasma cell creates a hybridoma cell.
• Monoclonal antibodies are produced by hybridoma cells.
  Prior Learning: Students are expected to understand the several lines of defense and fighting against foreign antigens and pathogens.
  Duration of the module: 16 Hours (8 sessions of 2 hours each)
  Fee: SGD 640/-
  Module CODE: IBBIOM11
  Mode of Teaching: Online
  How to enrol: Fill in the form and submit for slots and payment details (CLICK)